Agronomy

Peru: Produção de batata dobrou para 6.58 milhões de toneladas desde 2000, enquanto o rendimento atinge 19.5 t/ha

O Peru colheu 6.58 milhões de toneladas de batatas em 2024, segundo dados do FAOSTAT publicados pelo Our World in Data. Em 2000, o país produziu 3.27 milhões de toneladas. Portanto, a produção dobrou em aproximadamente 24 anos.

The Ministry of Agrarian Development and Irrigation (MIDAGRI) gives a similar figure. It reported 6.52 million tonnes for 2024, against 5.43 million tonnes in 2023. FAOSTAT shows 5.46 million tonnes for 2023. Both sources point to a jump of about 20% in one year.

O rendimento, não a área, impulsionou o crescimento

Average yield rose from 11.5 t/ha in 2000 to 19.5 t/ha in 2024, according to FAOSTAT. In 2014 it was 14.8 t/ha. Harvested area moved much less. The ministry counted 313,606 harvested hectares in 2023, down from 330,790 hectares in 2022.

A cultura é altamente fragmentada. Mais de 710,000 famílias cultivam batatas, segundo o MIDAGRI. Em média, isso equivale a menos de meio hectare por família. A produção abrange 19 regiões, e cerca de 90% está concentrado nas regiões altas. As maiores áreas em 2023 foram nessas regiões: Puno (54,960 ha), Huánuco (42,736 ha), Ayacucho (30,552 ha), Cusco (29,156 ha) e La Libertad (26,550 ha).

Potatoes are a core food. Consumption is above 95 kg per person per year, according to the ministry. The 2024 crop was worth S/ 8.314 billion. That equals 10.5% of the value of national agricultural production. The crop also generates more than 27 million working days per year. More than 4,000 potato varieties are registered in the country.

Espaço para crescer

A yield of 19.5 t/ha is still modest. FAOSTAT shows 35.8 t/ha in Argentina and 34.5 t/ha in Chile in 2024. Most Peruvian potatoes grow on small highland plots. Weather therefore moves the national total strongly from year to year.

Por que isso importa

Peru is the largest potato producer in Latin America, according to MIDAGRI. Its supply depends on hundreds of thousands of small farms, not on a few large growers. The swing between 2023 and 2024 shows that national output can change by a fifth in one season.

Para fornecedores de batata-semente, fertilizantes e máquinas, a lacuna entre 19.5 t/ha e cerca de 35 t/ha em países vizinhos é a principal oportunidade. Para compradores, a base de fornecimento fragmentada significa volumes e preços voláteis.

Photo: Terrace farming in the Andes, Peru (illustrative). J. Thompson / Wikimedia Commons, public domain

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